Read more study uses a functional perspective drugs examine the reasons for drugs people cite for using psychoactive substances. The study sample comprised young poly-drug users recruited using snowball-sampling methods.
Data on lifetime and recent frequency and intensity of use for alcohol, cannabis, amphetamines, ecstasy, LSD and cocaine are presented. A majority of the participants had used at least one of these six drugs to fulfil 11 of 18 measured substance use functions. The most popular functions for use drugs using to: Substance use functions were found to differ by age and gender.
Recognition research paper for drugs the functions fulfilled by substance use should help health educators and prevention strategists to make health messages about research paper for drugs more relevant and appropriate to research paper for and specific audiences. Targeting substances that are perceived to fulfil similar functions and addressing issues concerning the substitution of one substance for another may also strengthen education and prevention efforts.
The use of illicit psychoactive substances is not a minority activity amongst young people in the UK. The widespread drugs about the use of illicit drugs is reflected by its high status on health, educational and political agendas in many countries. The UK Government's year national strategy on drug research paper for drugs identifies young people as a critical priority group drugs prevention and treatment interventions Tackling Drugs research paper for drugs Build a Better Britain If strategies to reduce the use of drugs and associated harms amongst the younger population are to be developed, particularly within the click at this page education arena, it is vital drugs we improve our understanding of the roles that both licit and illicit substances play in the research paper for of young people.
The tendency for educators, practitioners and policy makers to address licit drugs such as alcohol separately from illegal drugs may be unhelpful. This is partly because young illicit drug users frequently drink research paper for drugs, and may have little regard for the illicit and drugs distinction established by the law.
Research paper for drugs understand the roles that doctoral writing grants australia and alcohol use play in contemporary youth research paper for, it is necessary to examine the most frequently used psychoactive substances as a set. It is commonplace for young drug users to use research paper different for drugs substances.
This is the definition used within the research paper for drugs paper. However, poly-drug use could also characterize the use of two or more psychoactive substances so research paper for drugs their effects are experienced simultaneously.
Previous studies have reported that users often use drugs concurrently to improve the effects of another research paper for drugs or to help manage research paper for drugs negative effects [e.
With alcohol included, the prevalence of poly-drug use is likely to be much higher. There is a substantial body of literature on the reasons or motivations that people cite for using alcohol, particularly amongst adult populations. For example, research on heavy drinkers suggested that alcohol use is related to multiple functions for use Edwards et al.
Similarly, research with a focus on young people has sought to identify motives for illicit drug use. There is evidence that for many young people, the decision to use a drug is based on a rational appraisal process, rather than a research paper for drugs reaction to the context in which a research paper for drugs is available Boys et al. Reported reasons see more from quite broad statements e. Carman, ; Butler et al.
Research paper for drugs the diverse effects that different drugs have on the user, it might be proposed that reasons for use will closely mirror these differences. Thus stimulant drugs such as amphetamines, ecstasy or cocaine will be used for reasons relating to increased research paper system arousal and drugs with sedative effects such as alcohol or cannabiswith nervous system depression.
The present study therefore selected research paper for drugs range of drugs commonly used by young people with stimulant, sedative or hallucinogenic effects to research paper for drugs this issue further.
Examples of the instrumental use of amphetamine-type stimulants include vehicle drivers who report using to improve concentration and relieve tiredness, and people who want to lose weight particularly young womenusing these drugs to curb their appetite.
In the early, s Sadava suggested that functions were for drugs useful means of understanding how personality and environmental variables impacted on patterns of drug use Sadava, To date there has been little research that has examined the different functions associated with the range of psychoactive substances commonly used by young poly-drug users.
It is unclear if all drugs with research paper for drugs physical effects are used for similar purposes, or if other more subtle social or psychological dimensions to use are influential. Work in this area will help to increase understanding of check this out different roles played by psychoactive substances in the lives of young /research-paper-about-forms-of-business-organization.html, and thus facilitate health, educational and policy for drugs to this issue.
Previous work has suggested that the perceived functions served by the use of a drug predict for drugs likelihood of future consumption Boys for drugs al. The present study aims to develop this work further by examining the functional profiles of six substances commonly used by young people in the UK.
Patterns of cannabis, amphetamine, ecstasy, LSD, cocaine hydrochloride and alcohol use were examined amongst research paper for drugs sample of young poly-drug users. Tobacco use research paper not addressed in the research paper for drugs research.
A snowball-sampling approach was for drugs for recruitment of participants. Snowball sampling is an effective way of generating a large sample from a hidden population where no formal sampling research paper for drugs is available Van Meter, A team of peer this web page was trained to recruit and interview participants for the study. We have described this procedure in detail research paper for drugs and only essential features are described here Boys et al.
Using current or ex-drug users to gather data from hidden populations of drug using adults research paper for drugs been found to be successful Griffiths et al. Study participants were current poly-substance users research paper no history of treatment research paper for drugs substance-related disorders.
We excluded people with a treatment history on the assumption that young people who have had substance-related problems requiring just click for source represent a different group from the general population of young drug users.
During research paper for drugs collection, the age, gender and current occupation of participants were recorded and research paper for drugs to ensure that sufficient individuals were recruited to the groups to permit subgroup analyses.
If an imbalance was research paper for drugs in one of these click, the interviewers were instructed to target participants with specific characteristics research paper for drugs. Data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire developed specifically for the study.
In addition to recording lifetime substance use, questions profiled research paper for drugs for drugs of six substances in detail. Data were collected between August and Writer uk your
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